If we imagine the past accompanied by evidence of ancient temple carvings and based on some historical documents, then the history of the ancient Khmer is God The king and his soldiers were all full of strong martial arts.
History has recorded that the people of Chenla were very good at tactical warfare, and these tactics were passed down from generation to generation. Definitely.
During the Angkorian period, a large number of armor was observed carved on the walls of Angkor Wat and Bayon temples. According to the diary of a Chinese historian, Zhou Daquan also wrote about the growth of martial arts during the Angkorian period.
The Chinese envoy also wrote that there was a stockpile of weapons such as swords, knives, shields, bows, spears, shields, armor and heavy weapons for archery. Large. Those who can hold those tools to enter the battlefield until they have strong tactical skills. The Khmer army at that time, according to the sculptures on the walls of the temples, was divided into four groups: infantry, elephants, horses and soldiers The navy, which Song Siv summed up in his book, The Civilization Movement, was "the bodyguard of the oarsman." Due to the strategic skills of these armies, Cambodia was able to wage war on a large territory.
As a country capable of waging war, the King not only has the title of Commander-in-Chief, but he is also a Commander-in-Chief. Who led the troops into battle directly. All of this is evidenced in the inscriptions that boast of the military qualities of the Angkorian kings as kings. Strong skills in martial arts and martial arts.
An inscription at Stok Kak Thom praises the hand of Yasovarman I for his quick wit In attacking the enemy. . . . Another inscription in Bang Thak, Laos, tells of King Suryavarman II who was fighting in the battle that he jumped From above, Princess Kochen sits on the head of the enemy's elephant, and he kills three lives like a garuda, rushing to kill the dragon on the top of the mountain. .
Another inscription at Preah Khan also boasts of Jayavarman VII's mighty tactics that when Seeing this king armed with that weapon terrified the enemy and the enemy closed his eyes by losing his power. Only their hands are three like snakes and drop their weapons immediately, and the weapons that are thrown or fired. That also seems to stop crashing suddenly.
Apart from the king, even the people of that time were well versed in warfare. Such a skill, if the nation needs an army, they just call them and get an army that is already skilled in warfare without training. Not long. According to some manuscripts and manuscripts kept in the National Library and pagodas, Khmer martial arts and martial arts Some are copied from kling, some are copied from China, and a large part is compiled and created by Khmer ancestors.
The portion imported from India is small, most of which flows into Cambodia through religion, in which rules are observed. Two major martial arts that are practiced in the martial arts of the stick and the sword, the master martial arts called Preah Ream Tleng Sar and Kinnar Pam Phka . These two masters are seen as statues on the walls of Angkor Wat temples, and probably early Khmer boxers. Extract as a base and break into small pieces according to its tactics.
Parts copied from China are also rare, most dating back to the Angkorian period. In the book Kampuchea Sorya, published in March 1959 on the history of the post-Angkorian or Middle Ages, it is recorded that the education of Khmer children in the early days In addition to learning arithmetic, some have practiced Chinese martial arts. This is what has been said since the time of Longvek.
There is no documentary evidence, but through the surviving veteran martial artists say that the martial arts he used to practice Mention the name of a long baton to confirm: Chief Sai Hong Chong 1 and Sai Hong Chong 2, the first master has 4 doors and the second master has 8 doors. The word Saihong means front battle or anything that leads.
According to medieval research, many foreigners who knew martial arts disseminated their martial arts to the Cambodian people. . At the same time, many Cambodians have sought to learn martial arts with those foreign martial arts teachers. Those martial arts teachers were observed to be Chinese, Lao, and so on. In a poem that was found and written by Acharya Ouk Chum at Stung Meanchey pagoda, he said that there were four teachers in Dambang, a Thai teacher named Sum Chinese, name of Khmer teacher, name of Mok Khmer, name of Pho, family lineage, Ba Phnom district. I have two Lao boxing teachers named Lak Lao, named Lum, a Lao wrestling teacher who taught me and said goodbye to me to a far away country.
There is also a claim that This is a text of a poem that shows the crowd attending a battle scene between Phan Chum and Neak Chan. The habits and traditions of the Khmer boxers mentioned above are now almost gone.
The worship of the rest of the teachers to this day, which the boxers always perform when they arrive in the ring before the start of the fight, is a legacy. Of the Prasidh freezing ceremony, which the elders always do before each match.
Discover the 12 main Khmer martial arts
According to the research, it is observed that in Khmer martial arts, we have 12 masters combined and one masters is a skill that both tricks That's all unique and unique. Now let's take a look at each master.
1. The parent can be called a parallel:
This is the first of the 12 masters. The designation of the forearm or forearm is due to the fact that the arms and legs are in parallel position. The first form is to stand with two legs parallel to the body, then the right arm and right leg thrown forward parallel to the body. Slightly bend with the left hand under the chest. The same form can be applied left or forward. If moving forward, left or right, the weight of the body is pressed on the front leg 60%, but if stepping back, the weight of The body rests on the hind legs 60% of the time. The fighting position can change depending on the situation of the opponent. This change of position is not considered as a master, because it is a different form from the original form.
2. Cross:
Cross is the second master. This master moves with his arms and legs crossed, if his right foot kicks forward, his left hand throws forward, while if his left foot kicks forward, To be thrown forward is the right hand. Normally in this cross movement, the hand is always thrown before the foot and the foot is lifted. Next. In this master, we observe that the movement is pulled from the forearm, that is, the arms and legs are parallel, unless the legs are kicked, it is called the cross. . However, in the event that the foot moves forward normally without lifting the kick, it is not until the foot reaches the target point that the hand throws back. The backward movement is different from the forward movement. Both legs are used only for stepping backwards without lifting the kick like forward movement, while both arms are used only for the back. The right hand goes down to the right foot and the left hand goes up to the left hand. This movement is called the cross-linking movement.
3. Chief Chheang Kandiet:
Be the third master after Sam and Cross. This master has a low walking movement like a crab, planting his side to the front. The first form is to put both hands together with the body stretched and emphasizing the front legs, then one step to the right foot. Face and soften the gesture as if sitting hunched over the left heel, with the right hand resting on the right knee, the elbow resting on the back as a secondary procedure. He throws his left foot forward with his right hand. This movement is slightly higher than before, standing in a crooked position with the weight of the body emphasizing both legs, the right hand is placed at the waist. The left hand is punched forward, with the fists at the same height as the head. They do this by switching from left to right, from right to left, or from front to back as well. This kind of movement is supposed to be called the mastermind. This master is used to support the weight of the legs that are kicked on the body, both left and right.
4. Mango flower:
He is the fourth master after the master of kandit. It has the same low mobility as the squirrel, but it does not move sideways, but forward or backward. How to bend the knees. The first form is a grip and then bend both knees, left foot forward, right foot, and right hand raised as a left hand. At the waist, slightly forward. The next form is to move the right foot forward, the left foot, and the right palm should be extended and slapped to the front, the left palm slapped forward. Well, but the bottom. To change the step forward, the left hand should be slapped up and the right hand should be slapped down. This movement is performed back and forth in the same way. The hand is changed from slapping to rotating in a semi-circular pattern forward with the palms of the hands extended and rising from the bottom up.
5. Tricycle or three-tier master:
As the 5th master after the mango flower. This master is actually separated from the master, it can also be called the fast master movement. It is so called because the forward punching movement is repeated twice, one to the front and one to the chest, while the legs are kicked up. Go up. This means that at the same time, they can hit three points: one foot kick and two forward punches. . For other animations, see the main form.
6. Leader:
The 6th master after the third master. The name "face" is derived from this master, they do not punch forward like other masters, but take a hammer and support the hand. Cut or sub-enemies. This head has a forward-backward shape, shifting from left to right like the right head, but wrong in position and body tilted. Slightly face forward and emphasize the front legs. In this movement, both shoulders are placed parallel to the body, while the chest is always bent forward. Main Source: Vanny (Tamarind Tree) Bokator is a traditional Khmer martial art that is more than 2,000 years old and was created by Khmer ancestors before Angkor is here. This martial art is found carved on the walls of Banteay Srei and Banteay Chhmar temples and is used by Khmer warriors in combat. Enemies that came to invade the Khmer Empire.
Bokator is currently gaining international prominence, winning second place at the 37-nation World Martial Arts Championships in the Republic of Korea last year. The past 2,010 has made this martial art more and more known to foreigners. There are many different forms of bokator, using various weapons such as knives, swords, spears, sticks (long-short) and krama. And it varies from region to region in the Kingdom of Cambodia.
Interview with Krama Meas San Kim Sean, President of the Cambodian Bokator Federation, Vice President of the World Bodyguard and Security Association The word "lok" means to fight and the word "lion" means "lion." But in the language of trainers, the word bokto means energetic martial arts.
According to the records of Chiv Ta Kwan, a Chinese diplomat who visited the Kingdom of Cambodia and Angkor Wat in the late 13th century, the skills of the Khmer warriors in The use of this martial art at that time was one of the factors that led to victory in war. Bokator has not only penetrated the ranks of the King, the Commander-in-Chief and the Cambodian soldiers, even ordinary people are very good at this martial art.
The 12 doors of Khmer martial arts
Khmer martial arts are very diverse and are divided into 12 gates, each of which has a different role. For the early war. According to Mr. Chan Bunthoeun, a martial arts researcher and teacher of the Khmer Rouge Flying Club. That said, in those 12 doors, there are about 374 masters and 9,049 sculptures. Nakri village, a martial arts researcher in Banteay Meanchey province, also claims that Khmer martial arts are very rich. There is also a clear history. Below is a brief description of the 12 doors of Khmer traditional martial arts.
The first door has about 250 tricks and 9 carvings.
The second door has 210 pieces and 13 carvings or more.
The third door has 319 pieces and 11 patterns.
The fourth door has 650 pieces and 17 patterns.
The fifth door has 950 tricks and 19 patterns.
The sixth door has more than 1,800 pieces and 25 patterns.
The seventh door has 590 pieces and 17 patterns.
The 8th gate is the end gate of the fighting spirit, in which the gate is called the common master, which has about 50 main masters. There are more than 599 tricks and tricks in each menu. Some long sticks and some short sticks.
The Ninth Gate is a battlefield with weapons, of which there are seven different types of weapons:
A stick is a weapon with 13 patterns. The use of the baton is a weapon with 190 pieces and 9 patterns. Both offensive and defensive tactics. The use of binding sticks (2 sticks) has 190 tactics and 13 moves. The use of a cane, also known as a three-legged scorpion, has nine patterns and 118 tricks. The use of the spear-pole has 13 patterns and 159 pieces, which are also weed tricks. The use of spears or balls has 101 pieces. And 13 moves.
The 10th gate uses 7 combat equipment: twin sticks with 11 moves and 71 pieces. The curved weapon type has 6 moves and 60 pieces. Type of weapon with 6 rounds and 65 pieces. Type of weapon with 9 pieces and 60 pieces. Shield weapon type has 13 patterns and 109 pieces, whip weapon or ghost weapon with 9 patterns and 20 pieces. The monster hook weapon (stick with hook-like tip) has 13 patterns and 66 pieces.
Gate 11 has nine types of weapons: the sword type with 100 pieces and 13 patterns. Shield sword has 108 pieces and 13 patterns, flip sword type with 100 pieces and 13 patterns, 2 end sword type with 100 pieces and 13 patterns. Two-edged sword with 101 blades and 13 patterns. Types of hooked swords with 71 blades and 13 patterns. Sword type with 51 blades and 9 patterns. A type of sword with 109 blades and 9 patterns.
The 12th gate uses 8 types of weapons, the twin sword weapon with 119 pieces and 13 patterns. Common sword type with 762 pieces and 71 patterns. Types of axes with 61 blades and 9 patterns. The ax has 69 blades and 9 patterns.
There are 50 treadmills and 9 tackles, with the Neak Pam Keo trick being also used in this type of weapon. The machine gun has 63 pieces and 16 pieces. The machine gun, stab or glue has 170 pieces and 39 pieces. Shirt
